The studies we read tested only one difference in use: receiving the answer or receiving hints. In the high school trial, the AI that gives hints, whose instructions included solutions prepared by teachers, produced no measurable difference in the exam, whereas the AI that answers freely lowered the score by 17%. The other 2 approaches were not tested: trying on your own before asking (a researcher's opinion and a hypothesis) and checking the answers (a practice reported in a survey).
Read the source article: AI impact on the brain: what 3 studies show, and their limits