Full definition
Governed by ISO 14062 and ISO 14006. Uses LCA to identify hotspots and choose levers. Became a central framework with ESPR. Hierarchy of strategies: rethink the need, intensify use, extend duration, simplify the product, choose low-impact materials and optimise manufacturing, distribution and end of life. Do not confuse it with purely aesthetic eco-design or with greenwashing (eco-design is governed methodologically by ISO 14062 and now by ESPR at European level).