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by Projet Celsius
Projet Celsius
AI Impact Database
An electricity pylon above a field of solar panels
Database topicElectricity

Electricity and data centres

The electricity of AI: each country's grid, data centre cooling and their published consumption.

1 yearData centres, China100TWhData centres, Europe70 TWhData centres, China100 TWhData centres, United States180 TWhpublished1 yearIEA
Electricity · 2025Emissions of one kilowatt-hour by country of the servers458gCO2e/kWhPoland589 gWorld458 gFrance41.4 gLife cycle, the same source everywhereEmber, 2025

Data centre electricity over one year, 5 zones

5 TWhBars and squares are read by their area. A family with a value above the line is drawn in squares.

Data centres5 zones

  1. Data centres, Ireland7.66 TWh
  2. Data centres, Europe70 TWh
  3. Data centres, China100 TWh
  4. Data centres, United States180 TWh
  5. Data centres, world415 TWh
Area proportional to the value. Values published by their sources, cited in each entry.

All the entries of the topic

11 entries, each with its entry page: composition, assumptions and sources.

Calculation factors

Electricity and water2

Data centre2

Infrastructure

Data centres7

Header photo: Sébastien Thébault, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.

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The other topics of the database

Database topicMajor AI servicesPrevious topicThe 8 entriesDatabase topicWaterNext topicThe 8 entriesDatabase topicTech companiesThe 4 entries

Across the hub

The reference chartsFrom the pollution of each AI to the electricity used by data centres, each with its data and sources.See the chartsWorld mapsCarbon intensity of electricity, low-carbon share, water stress, country by country.Explore the mapsThe calculation toolsEstimate the footprint of your uses, compare the country of the servers, browse the orders of magnitude.Open the tools

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