It is the dominant parameter: using the same technology, producing cells in a country with low-carbon electricity (Sweden, France, Norway) reduces the footprint by 40 to 60% compared with production in China. Cell manufacturing is very energy-intensive, from the dry room running 24h/24 to electrochemical formation consuming electricity for days. For the same chemistry, the footprint therefore varies by a factor of 2 to 3 depending on the country. Choosing a European cell supplier, such as Verkor in Dunkirk or ACC in Douvrin, mechanically improves an assembler’s carbon score.
Read the source article: Lithium-ion battery carbon footprint: how to reduce it