Start with the end of life actually available in the final market, then the required function. Drop-ins such as bioPE suit high-volume applications where recycling compatibility required by the PPWR is critical. Dedicated polymers (PLA, PHA, PEF, thermoplastic starch) are reserved for niches where their properties justify the trade-offs: biodegradability with access to industrial composting, oxygen barrier, biocompatibility. The specification must state biogenic content and its measurement method (ASTM D6866 or EN 16785), the biodegradability standard and the end-of-life scenario.
Read the source article: How do you eco-design with bioplastics?