Data centres' share of electricity
Share of national electricity consumption, latest published year
Data centres' share of electricity
Sources
Source: CSO; CBS; LBNL; IEA; RTE, calculation by Projet Celsius. projetcelsius.com/en/ai · CC BY 4.0- Irish Central Statistics OfficeData Centres Metered Electricity Consumption 20252026 (new tab)
- Statistics NetherlandsData centres consume 4.6 percent of the Netherlands’ electricityDecember 2025 (new tab)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage ReportDecember 2024 (new tab)
- International Energy AgencyEnergy and AIApril 2025 (new tab)
- RTEBilan prévisionnel 2025, consumptionDecember 2025 (new tab)
The analysis
- The world average is low: the pressure plays out at the scale of a country, or even of a region around a metropolis.
- In Ireland, data centres consume almost a quarter of the country's electricity, as measured at the meter.
- In the United States, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory projects between 6.7 and 12% in 2028.
The figures
- Ireland, 2025: 23 %.
- Netherlands, 2024: 4.6 %.
- United States, 2023: 4.4 %.
- World, 2024: 1.5 %.
- France, 2024: about 1%.
Assumptions
- Electricity consumed by data centres, all uses.
- The years differ from one country to another (2023 to 2025).
- RTE does not publish a share for France: the value is a calculation on its range of 4 to 5 TWh.
- National scopes are not strictly identical.
More on electricity
The whole Electricity topic →Charts and maps
Chart
ElectricityData centres in France, 2024-203521 to 32TWhin 2035, according to RTEChartElectricityElectricity use of Google and Microsoft+37%of electricity for Google in 2025ChartElectricityWhat share of data centre electricity does ChatGPT account for?less than0.1%of data centre electricity, for questions to ChatGPTChartElectricityData centre electricity× 2.3in 6 years, from 415 to 945 TWh
ElectricityData centres in France, 2024-203521 to 32TWhin 2035, according to RTEChartElectricityElectricity use of Google and Microsoft+37%of electricity for Google in 2025ChartElectricityWhat share of data centre electricity does ChatGPT account for?less than0.1%of data centre electricity, for questions to ChatGPTChartElectricityData centre electricity× 2.3in 6 years, from 415 to 945 TWhAnalyses
Tools
On the Projet Celsius blog ↗
Across the hub
AI Impact DatabaseAll the figures, their methodology and their sources.
AI Ranking10 assistants rated out of 100: performance, ethics and environment.
AnalysesThe signed pieces: analyses, viewpoints, "Where does this figure come from?".
Charts and mapsYou are hereThe reference visuals, with their data and sources.
ToolsOpen calculations, your assumptions on the left, the result on the right.
A question about a figure?
An error, a source to add, a methodology question, a press request: write to us. Guillaume Pakula, Clément Reynaud, Sébastien Pierfederici and Alexandre Veilly will reply.
Write to us →
Projet Celsius, which runs this hub, also helps companies measure and reduce the footprint of their AI use.
Accounting for AI in your Bilan Carbone® ↗
