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Key figureElectricityUpdated on 20 October 2026

100 to 174TWh

Electricity consumed by AI worldwide in 2025

World · 2025 · 2 estimates, low and high

No official value exists: AI is not isolated in data centre statistics.

See the source
An Nvidia server tray with 8 GPUs, pulled out of its chassis and placed on a table
An Nvidia HGX B200 tray with 8 GPUs, the core of an AI server. Photo Pokiiri, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Definition and scope

Electricity consumed in 2025 by AI infrastructure: servers that train and run the models, with their share of storage, network and cooling.

What is included

  • Training and use of the models
  • AI servers and their equipment

What is excluded

  • The other uses of data centres
  • Server manufacturing (except for GreenIT's impacts)
  • Users' devices

How the value is obtained

Schneider Electric starts from AI compute workloads; GreenIT starts from the GPU fleet (13 million in 2025) and assumes servers used continuously. The IEA does not publish a value for 2025 and gives 15% for accelerated servers in 2024.

Limits and uncertainties

  • The 2 estimates do not cover exactly the same scope.
  • The assumption on server utilisation changes the result by more than 3.

100 to 174 TWh, worldwide

All figures
All electricity consumed worldwide, 202528,199 TWh
The same bar, from 0 to 500 TWh
AI, in 2025this figure: Schneider Electric, GreenIT100 to 174All of France, over a yearRTE, Bilan électrique 2025451Data centres, in 2025all uses (IEA)485
In TWh. World: IEA, Electricity 2026; AI: Schneider Electric (The Shift Project) and GreenIT, 2026; France: RTE; data centres: IEA, 2026

In context

See the chart and its data

What share of data centre electricity does ChatGPT account for?

Electricity consumed in one year, in TWh; the area of each square follows consumption

2025

Questions asked to ChatGPT weigh about 0.3 TWh per year, less than 0.1% of data centre electricity.

All data centres, world, all uses485 TWhAI: 100 to 174 TWhFrance: 451 TWhmainland France, 2025: almost the same area21 to 36%of data centres for AI100 TWh according to Schneider Electric, 174 TWh according to GreenITChatGPT: 0.32 TWhless than 0.1%of data centresthe questions asked, ADEME calculation
Source: IEA; RTE; GreenIT; Shift Project; ADEME · projetcelsius.com/en/ai · CC BY 4.0AI Impactby Projet Celsius

Update history

The hub changelog
First version of the entry

More on electricity

The whole Electricity topic →

Charts and maps

ChartElectricityWhat share of data centre electricity does ChatGPT account for?less than0.1%of data centre electricity, for questions to ChatGPTChartElectricityData centre electricity× 2.3in 6 years, from 415 to 945 TWhChartElectricityData centre electricity consumption in 2030, according to 3 studies1 to 1.6the gap between the 3 projections in 2030ChartElectricityData centres' share of electricity23%of Ireland's electricity in 2025

Analyses

Where does this figure come from?Electricity20 October 2026"By 2030, AI will consume as much as Japan"The comparison comes from the International Energy Agency. It is correct, with 2 caveats: it covers all data centres, not AI alone, and it is one scenario among several.

Tools

ToolElectricityBrowse the orders of magnitude of electricity use, from one question to the planet17orders of magnitudefrom one question, 0.3 Wh, to the world, 28,200 TWh

On the Projet Celsius blog ↗

Blog article ↗ElectricityHow much electricity does AI consume?Blog article ↗ClimateWhat is the environmental impact of AI?

Across the hub

AI Impact DatabaseAll the figures, their methodology and their sources.AI Ranking10 assistants rated out of 100: performance, ethics and environment.AnalysesThe signed pieces: analyses, viewpoints, "Where does this figure come from?".Charts and mapsYou are hereThe reference visuals, with their data and sources.ToolsOpen calculations, your assumptions on the left, the result on the right.

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